CRJ 240 MODULE 4 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

A preliminary investigation is conducted by probation officers at or during:

a. [removed] intake.

b. [removed] investigation.

c. [removed] supervision.

d. [removed] release of offender.

The United States Supreme Court has ruled that only juveniles over the age of _____ can be executed for their crimes.

a. [removed] 10

b. [removed] 12

c. [removed] 14

d. [removed] 17

What percent of juveniles currently are waived to adult court?

a. [removed] 5 percent

b. [removed] 15 percent

c. [removed] 25 percent

d. [removed] 36 percent

Judges must hold probable cause hearings when:

a. [removed] prosecutors file to send a juvenile to adult court.

b. [removed] cases come to the adult court by a mandatory judicial waiver.

c. [removed] cases come to the adult court by a discretionary judicial waiver.

d. [removed] all of the choices apply.

The probation official who has replaced the case worker is the:

a. [removed] police officer.

b. [removed] community resource manager.

c. [removed] intake officer.

d. [removed] referee.

Which is the correct order in which probation services are provided?

a. [removed] Intake, investigation, supervision

b. [removed] Supervision, intake, investigation

c. [removed] Investigation, intake, supervision

d. [removed] Arrest, intake, investigation, supervision, bail

In order for a state to have a valid death penalty, judges must consider:

a. [removed] mitigating circumstances.

b. [removed] statistical ambiguities in demographic trends.

c. [removed] historical traditions of the court.

d. [removed] future impact of the penalty on deterring crimes.

According to studies on restitution, which of the following are among the primary goals of restitution programs?

a. [removed] Hold parents accountable for their children’s offenses

b. [removed] They set-up local programs to fully reimburse victims for their financial damages at their expense

c. [removed] They hold juveniles accountable for their offenses

d. [removed] All of the choices apply

The balanced approach in probation focuses on:

a. [removed] arrest, conviction, and confinement.

b. [removed] correction, rehabilitation, and aftercare.

c. [removed] the community, the victim, and the offender.

d. [removed] both arrest, conviction, and confinement and correction, rehabilitation, and aftercare.

10.

Which of the following are (is/a) goal(s) of electronic monitoring programs?

a. [removed] To reduce the number of field contacts required by home-confinement officers

b. [removed] To provide for early unification with the juvenile’s family

c. [removed] To keep the juvenile out of school

d. [removed] Both to reduce the number of field contacts required by home-confinement officers and to provide for early unification with the juvenile’s family

11.

Which of the following is the most widely used organization of probation in the United States?

a. [removed] Local/judicial

b. [removed] State/judicial

c. [removed] State/executive

d. [removed] Local/executive or a combination

12.

To keep youths out of the adult system, Hamparian, et al. have proposed the formation of a(n):

a. [removed] hidden system of justice.

b. [removed] youthful offender system.

c. [removed] net widening system.

d. [removed] none of the choices apply.

13.

Probation officers must satisfy:

a. [removed] the needs of the client.

b. [removed] only the juvenile justice system needs.

c. [removed] their own ego needs.

d. [removed] all of the choices apply.

14.

The law views juveniles as:

a. [removed] practical, reasoning, and rule-following being.

b. [removed] an instinctually based, driven being.

c. [removed] an emotional, feeling, and inconsistent being.

d. [removed] none of the choices apply.

15.

When juveniles are ordered to find jobs, hold them, and pay back victims, they are in a _____ program.

a. [removed] treatment

b. [removed] surveillance

c. [removed] restitution

d. [removed] compensation

16.

_____ is a program of intermediate punishment whereby youths are ordered to remain confined in their residences.

a. [removed] Solitary confinement

b. [removed] Clinical confinement

c. [removed] House arrest

d. [removed] Stay home

17.

Well-developed probation programs should help overcome what traditionally weak component of the juvenile justice program?

a. [removed] Reinforcement of positive behavior

b. [removed] Getting psychoanalytic techniques into the community

c. [removed] Attacking community disorganization

d. [removed] None of the choices apply

18.

The Integrated Social Control (ISC) model of intensive supervision:

a. [removed] focuses on strain, control, and social learning theories.

b. [removed] argues that many youths are inadequately socialized.

c. [removed] maintains that youths have weak bonding to the community.

d. [removed] all of the choices apply.

19.

Data on juveniles who received the death penalty indicate that:

a. [removed] juveniles received the death penalty in numbers equal to that of adults.

b. [removed] juveniles received the death penalty more frequently than adults.

c. [removed] juveniles received the death penalty far less frequently than adults.

d. [removed] no data are available on how many juveniles have received the death penalty.

20.

_____ is when states offer financial incentives or manpower to local systems if all probationers are handled in the local system.

a. [removed] Local determination

b. [removed] Financial redistribution

c. [removed] Probation subsidy

d. [removed] State organization of control

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CRJ 240 MODULE 4 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

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